<fstream>

Module:  Standard C++ Library   Library:  Input/output

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The header <fstream> is part of the Input/output library of the Standard C++ Library. It defines the class templates basic_filebuf, basic_ifstream, basic_ofstream, and basic_fstream, and the types filebuf, wfilebuf, ifstream, wifstream, ofstream, wofstream, fstream, and wfstream as aliases for specializations of the class templates on char and wchar_t.

namespace std {
  template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
  class basic_filebuf;
  typedef basic_filebuf<char> filebuf;
  typedef basic_filebuf<wchar_t> wfilebuf;

  template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
  class basic_ifstream;
  typedef basic_ifstream<char> ifstream;
  typedef basic_ifstream<wchar_t> wifstream;

  template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
  class basic_ofstream;
  typedef basic_ofstream<char> ofstream;
  typedef basic_ofstream<wchar_t> wofstream;

  template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
  class basic_fstream;
  typedef basic_fstream<char>  fstream;
  typedef basic_fstream<wchar_t> wfstream;
}

basic_filebuf, basic_ifstream, basic_ofstream, basic_fstream

ISO/IEC 14882:1998 -- International Standard for Information Systems --Programming Language C++, Section 27.8.1

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